“We need to cut costs from this project!” - By Jon Critoph
How often have we heard these words uttered shortly after we have submitted a budget proposal for a new project and it has exceeded what the management team have in their budget or savings need to be made? Worse still you are a little way into a project and some unseen costs suddenly loom into view and you have to try to get some more money approved to cover your costs. I am sure we can all remember a time and probably not too long ago where we had this happen to us and we all had to search hard to see what we could lose from the project or where we could cut a few corners and still hopefully deliver the project that was expected of us.

This was a situation that faced the builders of the tower in Pisa back in 1173. So lets just imagine going back there: in those days the City of Pisa had become a wealthy and well-respected City with a thriving port and the wealthy merchants wished to build something to celebrate its glory and important position in the world. It was decided to build a tower that would house a set of bells that could be rung out over the surrounding area showing to the world the importance of this City. Work began in 1173 on the project of building the tower. Unfortunately more emphasis was put on the building and the design than the research into the land on which it was to be built. By 1185 the first 3 floors had been completed with a small stop in the proceedings whilst they were at war with Florence. Something that had not been in the project plan (perhaps they had failed to do the risk analysis properly!). They also failed to have periodic progress and reassessment meetings, as wars with Florence were to become a feature over the next 100 years or so. Not only did these wars deflect the occupants of Pisa from building their tower but consumed a lot of their money too.

Then the problems really began to become apparent as the tower began to lean quite noticeably and a further appraisal of the situation showed that it had in fact sunk about 30-40cm and had a lean in excess of 5 cm. The groundwork had not been sufficient to support such a weight and with hindsight there may well have been better locations to build the tower in the first place. A repair plan was required, but there seemed little that could be done to the design to reduce its weight, as the height increased by reducing the diameter of the tower. So they could either take it all down or continue with caution. They chose the latter option and by 1284 the tower had reached 48 metres in height and had been constructed in such a way that although the lower floors of the tower were off to one side and leaning, the next section was perpendicular to the earth.

Finally around 1350 the project was complete with the final top section being added bringing the height to 58 metres in total. Over the centuries the tower has continued to add to the angle of lean and now it tilts a massive 5 metres from the vertical and this figure increases around 1 mm every year. It has also sunk around 3 metres into the ground below its original level. Finally in 1990 the tower was closed to visitors as it was thought to be unsafe and a massive project was started to correct some of the lean on the tower. About 5 years ago all the experts were predicting that unless something was done to try and right the tower the construction would collapse completely within the next 20 years. Work commenced in 1998 and a large pair of steel suspenders was constructed to support the tower on steel cables whilst the work was carried out. In addition 800 tonnes of lead were placed at the base of the tower to stabilise it. The tower has already been straightened by 14 cm and when the work is complete the tower will be 43 cm less crooked (straighter than it has been since 1700) however it still will not be detectable with the human eye. The cost of this particular phase of the project is a mere £18.6 million pounds.

The point we are making here is that without the investment in the planning (Business Analysis) phase which may save you a small amount at the beginning of a project, you can end up spend a much larger sum of money trying to correct the problems that would have been highlighted by such a phase. It has been our considered experience over the last 20 years that if you try to save on this section of the project, then you can spend in excess of 20 times this in trying to correct the problems further down the line. In the case of the tower in Pisa a factor of several thousand times that figure. We have seen many companies try to save on this phase of the project only to defer the payment (plus a large amount of interest) at a later date.

PDT Ltd

John Warren founded PDT LTD in 1985 with the aim of producing the best company to come to for Business Analysis and with the finest computer modelling toolset in the industry. With these aims in mind they set about developing a tool on which business processes could be modelled, developed and tested without subjecting the business to all these changes and having to monitor the results in a live environment with all the chaos that can ensue.

Today the company has many successful implementations with customers as diverse as the MOD, the healthcare sector, warehousing and distribution customers and vehicle location and delivery companies.

PDT Ltd is also a system integration company in the AutoID market place, providing systems and solutions made up of the best and most suitable products for the individual customer requirements. We have supply agreements with the leading players in the AutoID and mobile data arena including (but not restricted to) Symbol Technologies, Zebra Technologies, TEC, Paxar, O’Neil, Datalogic, HHP, Casio and Intermec. This enables us to use our market knowledge and expertise to select the best equipment, and using the skills of the members of our PDT Associates group, write software or tailor off-the-shelf packages to provide the customer with a complete solution to their business problems.


PDT Ltd has specialist knowledge in the area of business process analysis and has worked with many large companies and organisations in looking at their business processes and documenting them correctly, reviewing business processes and looking at how best to implement changes to the systems and testing the ideas on some specialised software we have developed. The software models the changes that are proposed and monitors the effects of these proposed changes. We then develop a specification that accurately reflects the proposed changes and this then forms the basis of the ITT document that will be passed out to potential suppliers.

Don’t let your next project become the modern day leaning tower - come and talk to PDT Ltd who have the expertise and tools to help you avoid making these expensive mistakes.

Contact details:
Jon Critoph
Sales and Marketing Manager
PDT Ltd
6 Kings Grove
Maidenhead
Berkshire
SL6 4DA

Phone 01568 770812
Fax 01628 782413
Mobile 07766 828072



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